Steam generator



T. TAKUMA.

STEAM GENERATOR. APRLICATION'VIFILED JAN. 22. 1911.

Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Inven$or T. TAKUMA.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22. 1911.

1,435,032. I Patented Nov. 7, 11922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

T. TAKUMA.

STEAM GENERATOR. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22. 1917.

, 1,435,932. Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W], 6?,M4H31414 Patented ihov. 7, 1922 rarest TSUNEKICT-II TAKUI/IA, OF KOBE, JAPAN, ASSIGNGR TO KISHA-SEIZO KABUSI'IIKI- KAISHA, 9F NISHI-KU, OSAKA, JAPAN", A CORPORATION OF JAPAN.

STEAM GENERATOR.

Application filed January 22, 1917. Serial No. 143,802.

T 0 aZZ 107a 0 m, it may concern:

Be it known that Tsunnnronr Tnnmrn, a citizen of Japan, residing at No. 9.2, 1 chome, .liitano-cho, Kobe, Hiogo-Ken, Japan, has invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam Generators; and he does hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention. such as will enable others slrilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to steam generators; and it relates more particularly to a steam generator or boiler having an upper or steam drum and a lower water drum connected by upflow and downflow circulating tubes, in combination with means located in the water space of the upper drum and constitutin a receiver for water from which steam has been separated, said downfiow tubes being, arranged to conduct such water from said receiver to the lower drum. vantageously said receiver is also equipped Witha feed water supply pipe and therefore constitutes a feed water receiver. Said receiver has an upper opening of large expanse or area somewhat below thewater line in the steam drum. The circulating tubes may be arranged in various difierent ways, but in a preferred embodiment of the invention the downflow tubes, or some of them, are arranged inside the upflow tubes.

A principal'object of the invention is to maintain a systematic and eflicient circulation of water in a steam generator of the character hereinafter more fully described, and particularly to keep the direction of flow and circulation of feed water constant by utilizing to an increased degree the difierent densities of water in the upflow and clownfioW tubes. According to the present invention this object is achieved by locating in the steam drum receiver means arranged to take substantially only water free from steam bubbles and to direct the same to downflow tubes going to the lower steam drum, the water in said receiver being shielded from and substantially undisturbed by the steam water coming up into the steam drum through the upfiow tubes. Such steam water gives up its steam which enters the steam space above the water line in the steam drum, the water freed from steam then entering the receiver and returning to the Ad-v lower drum as described. This convection circulation is due primarily to the fact that the water free from steam bubbles is of greater density than that containing steam bubbles. The fact that the receiver means provldes a common reservoir, so to speak, of relatively dense and substantially undisturbed water, from which the downflow tubes take their supply, ensures systematic and efficient circulation of water in the generator in the desired manner. The receiver occupies a substantial portion of the water space in the steam drum, and in the best embodiment of the invention, the receiver takes the form of an elongated trough-like member extending over the maj or portion of the length of the steam drum. Furthermore, the receiver is best located more or less di rectly in the path of the steam and water passing upwardly from the upflow tubes, thus acting as a battle against which the steam laden water'may impinge. This aids in the separation of the steam bubbles, and the steam water after passing around the trough and giving upits steam may then flow over the upper edge of the trough, and

thence downwardly therefrom through the downflow tubes.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate typical practical embodiments of the invention,

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of a water'tube boiler or steam generator constructed in accordance with the invention- Fig. 2is a partial front elevation of the same;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section, of the upper steam drum, similar to Fig. 1 but on a larger scale illustrating the direction of the water currents;

Fig. 4: is a central longitudinal section of the upper steam drum, corresponding to denser water in the receiver.

section and a transverse section, respectively, on a larger scale, 01 the steam drum of the generator shown in Figs. 7 and 8.

Referring to the drawings, and at first more particularly to Figs. 1 to 4-, a is an upper drum, constituting the steam drum or collector, Z) is a lower drum or water chamber, while 0 and (Z are the uptlow tubes and downflow tubes, respectively, whereby convection circulation of water between the two drums .is maintained. In this particular embodiment oi the invention, each of the down flow tubes (Z is arranged inside an upflow tube a; and although any preferred arrangement of the circulating tubes may be employed, the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1-at is especially advantageous for present purposes. Within the water space of the steam drum is located the receiver 7, here shown in the torm of an elongated trough-like container extending nearly the entire length of the steam drum and having its broad open upper side located somewhat below the water level in the steam drum. It will be seen that the trough-like receiver is spaced away from the walls of the steam drum, in eii'ect being centrally located inthe Water space of said drum. The downflow tubes d are connected directly to this receiver and take water therefrom. The re ceiver is located more or less directly in the path of the steam water flowing into the drum from the upflow pipes c. As indicated diagrammatically in Figs. 3 and a, the water coming from said upflow pipes is deflected by the trough-like receiver, passing upwardly on both sides thereof, and after giving up its steam bubbles to its steam space, flowing over the upper edges of the troughs and thence back through the downflow tubes to the lower drum. It will be noted that by means of this arrangement, the steam separates from the ascending water outside the broad upper opening of the receiver substantially without causing any agitation of the This enables water to be taken into the receiver with natural flow and at extremely high speed. Furthermore, owing to the substantially completeisolation ofthe steam laden water from the steam free water, the advantages arising from the differences in density be tween the two kinds of water, ascending and descending, are utilized to the fullest extent, and the acceleration of water circulation is increased without any tendency toward formation of counter currents. This results in pig? evaporative power and great saving in The desirable results secured by the described arrangement can be still further emphasized by supplying relatively cool reed water to the receiver f. To this end, the receiver isshown as provided with a feed water supply pipe discharging into the receiver at a point adjacent its upper edge as indicated at g.

The construction illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 is similar inall essential respects, so far as the present invention is concerned, to the construction just described. In the construction of Figs. 5 and 6, which is especially adapted for marine purposes, the generator is provided with an upper steam drum or chamber andtwo lower drums or chambers, a nest of tubes being arranged between the upper and lower drums, and two groups of downfiow tubes (Z leading from the common receiver 7.

In the type of construction illustrated in Figs. 7 to 10, the same general principles are involved, but in this case the downflow tubes d, instead of being located within certain of the upflow tubes 0, extend from the receiver to points outside the boiler furnace and thence downwardly to the ends of the lower drum 6.

Although the principles of the invention have been explained in connection with water tube boiler constructions, the invention is applicable to other forms of steam boilers and therefore is not limited to the particular type of boiler here chosen for purposes of illustration, nor to the details of construction shown.

What I claim is:

1. In a steam generator, the combination with an upper or steam drum, a lower drum, and uptlow tubes arranged to conduct water and steam from the lower drum to the upper drum, of a receiver located in the water space ofthe upper drum and opening thereinto only at points shielded from direct flow of water issuing from the upflow tubes, downfiow tubes arranged to conduct such water from said receiver to the lower drum, and a feed water supply pipe discharging into said receiver.

2. In a steam generator, the combination with an upper or steam drum, a lower drum, and upflow tubes arranged to conduct water and steam from the lower drum to the upper drum, of an upwardly opening trough-like receiver centrally located in the water space of said upper drum and extending the major part of the length thereof, the open side of said receiver being shielded from direct flow of water issuing from the upflew tubes, and downfiow tubes leading from said receiver to the lower drum.

3. In a steam generator, the combination with an upper or steam drum, a lower drum, and upflow tubes arranged to conduct water and steam from'th'e lower drum to 'theuppe'r drum, of an upwardly opening trough-like receiver located in the water space of said upper drum and extending the major part of the length thereof, the open side of said receiver being shielded from direct flow of water issuing from the upflo'w tubes, downflow tubes leading from said receiver to the lower drum, and a feed water supply pipe discharging into said receiver.

4:. In a steam generator, the combination with an upper or steam drum, a lower drum, and a plurality of upflow and downflow tubes for circulation of water between said drums, of means located in the water space of the upper drum and constituting a relatively large capacity receiver common to said downfiow pipes and having its interior shielded from direct flow of water issuing from said upfiow tubes thereby receiving and directiug to said downflow tubes water from which steam has been separated, feed water supply means discharging into said receiver.

5. In a steam generator, the combination with an upper or steam drum, a lower drum, and a plurality of upflow and downfiow tubes for circulation of water between said drums, of troughdike means located in the water space 01 the upper drum but spaced away from the walls thereof and constituting a relatively large capacity receiver common to said downflow pipes and having its interior shielded from direct flow of water issuing from said upflow tubes, thereby receiving and directing to said downflow tubes water from which steam has been separated, and feed water supply means discharging into the upper part of said receiver.

In testimony whereof he hereunto aflixes his signature in the presence of two witnesses.

TSUNEKIGHI TAKUMA. [13. s]

Witnesses W. EBIHARAH, S. MA'rsUnA. 

